Piston



Dec. 17, 1929. A. L. NELSON 1,739,605

PISTON Original Filed Nov. 1927 aw? f QM mwm I. I U e ADOLPK L. NELSON,OF

expansible material.

Patented Dec. 17, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE DETROIT, MICHIGAN,ASSIGNOR TO IBOHN ALUMINUM & BRASS CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGANI'ISTON Application filed November 5, 1927, Serial 110. 281,170. RenewedJanuary 17, 1929.

This invention relates to pistons, and particularly to pistons adaptedfor use in internal combustion engines.

The invention aims to provide a piston in which the lower end of theskirt will be some- What yielding but will be strong enou h to operatesuccessfully under long periods of The piston formation of thisinventionis particularly useful in connection with a pmton formed oflight-weight material in wh ch the thermal expansion of thethrust-bearing portions is controlled by struts of relatively n-According to this invention the lower end of the skirt is slotted insuch a way as to render it responsive to the influence of the controlmember and yet retain a certain required amount of stilfness.

\Vhile preferred embodiments have been illustrated for purposes ofillustration, it should be understood that various changes ma be made inthe structure without departin from the spirit and scope of theinvention as ereinafter set forth an claimed.

In the drawings;

Fig. 1 is an elevation partly an section of a piston embodying theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Flg. 1.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of a modified form.

Fig. 4 is a section showing a still further modification.

Referring to the drawings more particularly, the reference character 10indicates the head of the piston, while characters 11 indicate piersdepending from the head and having piston pin bosses 12 formed therein.The lower end of the skirt constitutes an annular portion 13 which isconnected to the lower end of the piers 11 through horizontal arcuatewebs 11 Tongues 14 and 14 extend upwardly from the annular portion 13between the piers, and the upper ends of the tongues are spaced from thehead by slots 15, and from the piers. by the vertical openings 16.

The parts already described are preferably formed of some suitablelight-weight material such as aluminum alloy, and in order to controlthe expansion of the upper ends of the tongues 14 and 14, a air ofstruts 17 of some material less expansi le than the piston ma It isdesirable to form the lower end of the skirt in such a manner that itwill be somewhat yielding and still retain suflicient stiffness towithstand the strains of piston operation. In the present instance theseresults are obtained by a suitable combination of a slot or slotsextending upwardly from the lower end of the skirt together with slotsextending into the skirt from the lower end of the vertical openings 16.

In the piston illustration in Fi s. 1 and 2 a slot- 18 extends upwardlyinto t 1e tongues 14 and short slots 19extend into the skirt from thelower ends of the vertical openings 16 adjacent tongue 14. The slots 19may be formed at any desired angle, and the slots 18 and 19 may besuitably varied in length. It will be evident that varying degrees andarrangements of skirt stiffness may be obtained by varying the lengthsand positions of the slots 18 and 19.

In certain cases the best operating results may be obtained by formingthe tongue 14 as well as the tongue 14 with slots 18 and 19, asillustrated in Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 shows how the slots 19 can be combined with a plurality of shortslots 20. In this case the stilfness of the skirt is partly determinedby the distance between the upper end of slot 20 and the opening 16 aswell as b" the distance between the upper end of slot 20 and the lowerend of slot 19. The tongue 14 can also be slotted in this manner.

I claim:

1. A piston comprising a head, piers depending from the head, a skirtconnected to the lower ends of the piers, said skirt including a lowerannular portion and tongues extending upwardly from the annular portion,the tongues being separated from the piers by openings, the skirt beingformed with a slot extending into the skirt from the lower end of one ofthe openings, and one of the tongues being formed with a slotextirlidingupwardly from the 'lower edge of the s 'rt. 1

2. A piston comprising a head, piers depending from the head, a skirtconnected to the lower ends of the piers, said skirt including a lowerannular portion and tongues extendlng upwardly from the annular portion,the tongues being separated from the piers by openings, the skirt beingformed with slots extending into the'skirt from the lower end of two ofthe openings, and one of the tongues being formed with a slot extendingupwardly from the lower edge of the skirt.

3. A piston comprising a head, piers de pending from the head, a skirtconnected to the lower ends of the piers, said skirt includin a lowerannular portion and tongues extending upwardly from the annular portion,the tongues being separated from the piers by openings, one of thetongues being formed with a slot extending upwardly from the bottom ofthe skirt, and the skirt being formed with a slot extending into theskirt from the lower end of each of the openings adjacent the slottedtongue.

4. A piston of light weight material comprising a head, piers dependingfrom the head, a skirt connected to the lower ends of the piers, saidskirt including a lower .annular portion and tongues extending upwardlyfrom the annular portion on opposite sides of the piston, the tonguesbeing separated from the head by slots and from the piers by openings,struts of relatively inexpansible materia connecting the up er ends ofthe-tongues, one of the tongues eing formed with a slot extendingupwardly from the bottom of the skirt, and the skirt being formed with aslot extending into the skirt from the lower end of each of the openingsadjacent the slotted tongue.

5. A piston of light weight material comprising a head, piers dependingfrom the head, a skirt connected to the lower ends of the piers, saidskirt including a lower annular portion and tongues extending upwardlyfrom the annular portion on opposite sides of the iston, the tonguesbeing sepa rated from tlie head by slots and from the piers by openings,struts of relatively inexpansible material connecting the upper ends ofthe ton ly from the annular portion on opposite sides of the piston, thetongues being separated from the head by slots and from the piers by es,each of the tongues being formed wit a slot extendin upwardly from.

' 1 was openings, struts of relatively inexpansible material connectingthe upper ends of the ton es, one of the tongues being formed with a purality of slots extending upwardly from the bottom of the skirt, theother tongue be ing unslotted, and the skirt being formed with a slotextending into the skirt from the lower end of each of the openingsadjacent the slot-ted tongue. I

7. A piston comprising a head, piers depending from the head, a skirtconnected to the lower ends of the piers, said skirt including a lowerannular portion and tongues extending upwardly from the annular portion, the tongues being separated from the piers by openings, the skirtbeing formed with a slot extending into the skirt from the lower end ofone of the openings.

8. A piston of light weight material comprising a head, piers dependingfrom the head, a skirt connected to the lower ends of the piers, saidskirt including a lower annular portion and tongues extending upwardlyfrom the annular portion on opposite sides of the piston, the tonguesbeing separated from the head by slots and from the piers by openings,struts of relatively inexpansible material connecting the upper ends ofthe tongues, the skirt being formed with a slot extending into the skirtfrom the lower end of one of the openings.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ADOLPH L. NELSON.

